GEO DATA

Most-read articles are from the articles published in 2022 during the last three month.

Article

Development of the Method for Authentication of the Genus Anguilla Sold on the Korean Fish Market and Current Status of Distribution: Yo-Soon Jang; GEO DATA. 2022;4(1):16-26. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/DJ2022.4.1.002

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Abstract PDF: This study was carried out to identify the mislabeling of Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) sold on the fish markets in Korea and to develop a method for determining the authenticity of fresh and trimmed eels. Between January and December 2018, 31 test samples were collected from restaurants and fish markets in Seoul, South Korea, and the collected samples were analyzed. The results showed that over two-thirds of the samples tested were mislabeled. Molecular identification of 31 test samples revealed that 10 Anguilla japonica, 9 Anguilla Anguilla, 2 Anguilla rostrate, 1 Anguilla marmorata, 7 Ophichthus remiger, 1 Brachysomophis crocodilinus, and 1 Conger myriaster. We have developed the NdeⅠPCR-RFLP assay for determining the authentication of fresh and trimmed eels sold on the fish markets in Korea, and this assay enables rapidly and accurately identify the genus Anguilla.

Original Papers

Quantitative Study of Butterfly Diversity in Wando Quercus acuta Forest Over 5 Years (2017-2021): Sanghun Lee, Na-Hyun Ahn; GEO DATA. 2023;5(2):55-59. Published online June 20, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2023.0010

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Abstract PDF: This study presents the long-term quantitative data on butterflies in Wando Arboretum, which represents the only warm-temperate forest located in the southernmost part of South Korea. This arboretum has significant academic value as approximately 770 species of rare woody plants or herbs, such as the Japanese evergreen oak (Quercus acuta), found in warm temperate zones grow under natural conditions here. In this project, the butterflies in this region were studied due to their sensitivity to temperature changes. The study was conducted from March-April to October-November over 5 years (2017-2021) in the region dominated by Japanese evergreen oak. We found 1,743 individuals of 47 butterfly species belonging to five families. The acquired butterfly data could serve as a reference for the further development of a network-oriented database for assessing temporal climate changes.

Spatial Distribution Status of Landform in 1st Grade Area of Ecology and Nature Map: Hye-Yeon Yoon, So-Young Hwang, Hyun-Su Park; GEO DATA. 2024;6(2):87-99. Published online June 27, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0010

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Abstract PDF: In this study, spatial distribution analysis was conducted on the landforms that appear within the 1st grade area using the ecology and nature map of 2023. As a result, a total of 97 landforms including tidal flat and incised meander were identified as unit landforms, and a total of 1,490 sites were distributed. The spatial distribution by administrative region was highest in Gangwon-do with 273 sites (12.8%), and by unit landform, cliff (173 sites), stream cliff (129 sites), and sea cliff (100 sites) were the most distributed. These landforms are cliffs found in mountainous, riverine, and coastal areas, respectively, and are characterized by their high geomorphological conservation value due to their large scale and geometric shape compared to other terrains. In terms of spatial distribution by landform type, stream landforms (501 sites, 33.6%) accounted for the largest proportion, and there were 24 units landforms. The results obtained can be utilized for future designation of expanded ecosystem protection areas or ecosystem monitoring surveys, along with continued landform conservation.

Exploring Wild Bees Diversity in Seocheon Maeul-Soop: A Quantitative Study: Sanghun Lee, Ohchang Kwon, Dong Su Yu, Jeong-Seop An, Na-Hyun Ahn; GEO DATA. 2024;6(1):1-7. Published online March 26, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0003

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Abstract PDF: Wild bees are important pollinators in the ecosystem, and it is important to monitor their abundance and diversity to characterize and conserve these pollinators. In this study, wild bees were collected from a Maeul-soop in Seocheon-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea for 2 years from February 2019 to October 2020. From the survey, a total of 3,258 wild bees from 9 families and 57 species were collected over 2 years in the Maeul-soop. The most dominant species was the Andrena kaguya, followed by the Apis mellifera, the Eucera spurcatipes, the Seladonia aeraria, and the Lasioglossum sibiriacum. Monthly changes in the number of species and populations show that the number of species increased from February and peaked in August, and the population peaked in April and then decreased. In addition, in the list of wild bee species collected over the past 2 years, the Apidae was the largest with 16 species, followed by the Halictidae with 13 species and the Megachilidae with nine species. However, although there is only one species of Andrena kaguya in the Andrenidae, its population is 2,084, which is the largest among all wild bees investigated in this study. The results of this study will be useful in understanding the impact of pollinating insects due to climate change in the future.

Evaluation of the Lateral Connectivity of the Suncheon’s Dong Stream Based on Riverside Data: Jeong Ho Hwang, Yeonhui Jang, Jong-Hak Yun; GEO DATA. 2024;6(2):63-76. Published online June 19, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0009

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Abstract PDF: The lateral connectivity of Suncheon’s Dong stream was evaluated based on landside, waterside, and levee data of the river. A total of six items was evaluated, crosssectional structure, vegetation cover ratio, connecting waterway gate, levee slopes, urbanized area ratio and wetland area ratio. Among the items, the connectivity was high in the following order: cross-sectional structure, urbanization area ratio, and levee slope. In a total of 16 survey areas of Suncheon’s Dong stream, one, 12, and three areas were evaluated as continuity, damaged, and discontinuity respectively. The downstream section was evaluated as one continuity and three damaged, the lower-middle stream section was evaluated as one damaged and three discontinuity, and the upper-middle stream and upstream sections were evaluated as eight damaged. The cross-sectional structure, vegetation cover ratio, levee slope, and urbanized area ratio had low lateral connectivity in the lower-middle stream survey section, while the wetland area ratio had high lateral connectivity in the downstream survey section. The lateral connectivity evaluation results of the river aquatic ecosystem in Suncheon’s Dong stream can be used as basic data that is helpful in future ecological river management policies.

Refined GEDI Level-2A Database Construction: Focused on Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea: Kyeong-Hun Cho, Seung-Kuk Lee; GEO DATA. 2024;6(2):77-86. Published online June 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0008

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Abstract PDF: The Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI), a full-waveform light detection and ranging system, translated the energy into a continuous waveform and recorded the signals chronologically for enabling geometric analysis of the vertical structure of vegetation. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration has used the land, vegetation, and ice sensor (LVIS) airborne laser altimeter system to measure terrain, tree heights, and vegetation carbon stocks in designated areas. The effectiveness of the collected LVIS data has been proven in mapping forest structures and biomass in tropical and temperate systems. Based on the successful achievements of LVIS, the GEDI aimed to establish a global range of forest data needed to analyze and predict the carbon cycle and climate change. The GEDI was launched aboard the SpaceX-16 in 2018 and successfully attached to the International Space Station (ISS) for a 2-year mission, but now extended until March 2023. Since being mounted on the ISS, GEDI measured over 10 billion cloud-free surface observations within the range of 51.6°N to 51.6°S. In this paper, GEDI mission is introduced, and the process of downloading, refining the GEDI level-2A product focused on Gyeonggi Province is outlined.

Distribution Status of Invasive Alien Species in the Estuarine Wetlands in East and South Coast, Korea: Yeounsu Chu, Pyoungbeom Kim, Minhyeok Won; GEO DATA. 2024;6(2):56-62. Published online June 14, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0007

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material: Based on the results of survey on estuarine ecosystem conducted from 2021 to 2023, this study analyzed the distribution pattern of invasive alien species. A total of six invasive alien species (Micropterus salmoides [M. salmoides], Lepomis macrochirus [L. macrochirus], Lithobates catesbeianus [L. catesbeianus], Trachemys scripta [T. scripta], Pseudemys concinna [P. concinna], and Pseudemys nelsoni [P. nelsoni]) were identified across 118 estuarine wetlands. The survey revealed 960 individuals of M. salmoides, 2,596 individuals of L. macrochirus, 1,088 individuals of L. catesbeianus, and 44 individuals of T. scripta, while 1 individual of P. concinna and P. nelsoni were found. These invasive species were found to be densely distributed in estuarine wetlands in the Haenam and Goheung regions of the southern coast. Furthermore, the distribution density varied depending on the characteristics and locations of the estuarine wetlands. It was observed that the distribution density was higher in closed type than in open type, in riverine than in lacustrine, and in the south coast than in the east coast. Once the basic survey of estuarine wetlands located on the west coast is completed, a clearer understanding of the nationwide distribution characteristics of invasive alien species in estuarine wetlands can be achieved. This information will be crucial for formulating appropriate management strategies tailored to the characteristics of wetlands or coastal areas in the future.

The Study of Distribution for the Plants of Alien Species on Specific Islands Monitored by Ministry of Environment, South Korea: Youngjun Park, Donghui Choi, Daeun Kim, Hyungsoo Seo, Hyoun-gi Cha, Hyun-chul Shin; GEO DATA. 2024;6(2):45-55. Published online June 10, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0006

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Abstract PDF: This study was conducted to provide information on alien species to the specific islands monitored by Ministry of Environment in South Korea, based on the National Survey of Natural Environment of Islands from 2006 to 2020. In the study area, a total 54 taxa, consisting of 17 family, 45 genera, 53 species, one variety, were found. Among them, two species classified as Ecosystem-disturbing species, Humulus japonicus (H. japonicus) Siebold & Zucc. and Ambrosia artemisiifolia (A. artemisiifolia) Linnaeus were found. Alien plants were identified on 127 islands (49.4%), H. japonicus were found on 27 and A. artemisiifolia on six specific islands. The spatial status of alien flora on the specific islands monitored by Ministry of Environment in our data can be basic ecological information for the conservation and management of plant species diversity on the islands.

Articles

The Dataset of UAV Based High-resolution Tidal Topography at the Nakdong Estuary: Focusing on Jin-u Island and Shin-ja Island: Yeongjae Jang, Jingyo Lee, Joo-Hyung Ryu, Kye-Lim Kim, Hahn Chul Jung, Keunyong Kim; GEO DATA. 2022;4(1):27-36. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/DJ2022.4.1.003

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Abstract PDF

In the tidal flats of the Nakdong Estuary, eight weirs were installed as part of the Four Major River Restoration Project in 2011, and the environment changed from a flowing stream to a still water stream. As the Nakdong River’s weir was permanently opened in February 2022, the topography and ecological environment are expected to large change. In this study, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) photogrammetry was conducted on the tidal flats of the Nakdong Estuary in November 2021, the environment before the Nakdong River floodgates were opened. The study area was surveyed using the Network-RTK (Real-Time Kinematic) method to obtain Ground Control Point (GCP), and using an UAV, orthographic image and digital elevation model were generated for an area of 3.47 ㎢ near Jin-u island and 2.75 ㎢ near Shin-ja island. A result of spatial resolution of 1.8 cm was obtained, the result was verified using checkpoints, and results with accuracy exceeding 1 cm were obtained in both Sin-u Island and Jin-woo Island. In the future, changes in the topography and sedimentation environment of this area are expected, so it will be useful data for various research and conservation management.

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Influence of Precipitation Conditions and Discharge Rates of River Estuary Barrages on Geomorphological Changes in an Estuarine Area
Sung-Bo Kim, Doo-Pyo Kim
Applied Sciences.2023; 13(17): 9661. CrossRef

A Geological Environment Characteristics Dataset of Tidal Flat Surface Sediments: A 2021 Pilot Study of the Gomso Bay Tidal Flat Area to Use of Sediment Type Data: Kyoungkyu Park, Han Jun Woo, Hoi-Soo Jung, Joo Bong Jeong, Joo-Hyung Ryu, Jun-Ho Lee; GEO DATA. 2022;4(2):9-22. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/DJ2022.4.2.002

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Abstract PDF

The Gomso Bay tidal flat is located between Buan-gun and Gochang-gun in Jeollabuk-do, Korea; it is a semi-closed bay in an area where tides prevail over waves. Tidal flats are mainly found south of Gochang-gun, and the main stream located north of the tidal flats is about 15 m deep and 900 m wide at low tide. Limited direct sampling is necessary for analyzing the geological environment of intertidal tidal flats, depending on the expected ebb-tide time and the number of survey items allowed for tidal flat access. This study assessed field measurement and laboratory analysis items for obtaining and establishing geological environment data to use of sediment type data in a pilot research area in the Gomso Bay tidal flat. Thirty sites were examined on June 22 and 24, 2021 (survey time about 3.5 hours for the 2 days). The field measurements were the sample date (year/month/day/hour/minute), ellipsoid height using a real-time kinematics global positioning system (RTK GPS) (m), shear strength (kg/cm²), and Munsell color. Samples for particle size (phi, Φ), specific density, porosity (%), moisture content (%), total organic carbon (%), total carbon (%) and total nitrogen (%) were placed in zipper bags and polypropylene (PP) bottles. The sedimentary phases were classified following Folk and Ward (1957), the organic matter was characterized based on particle size analysis and each experimental result was verified. In the future, a geological environment characteristics dataset based on this pilot study will be used as basic data to assess changes in the tidal flat topography and sedimentation environment. It should be useful data for research, tidal flat environment conservation management and free open data for users of related researchers.

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Characteristics of temporal-spatial variations of zooplankton community in Gomso Bay in the Yellow Sea, South Korea
Young Seok Jeong, Min Ho Seo, Seo Yeol Choi, Seohwi Choo, Dong Young Kim, Sung-Hun Lee, Kyeong-Ho Han, Ho Young Soh
Environmental Biology Research.2023; 41(4): 720. CrossRef

Review

Data used for GIS-based Flood Susceptibility Mapping: Saro Lee, Fatemeh Rezaie; GEO DATA. 2022;4(1):1-15. Published online March 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/DJ2022.4.1.001

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The dramatic increase in flood incidents as a significant threat to human life and property, environment, and infrastructure indicates the necessity of mapping spatial distribution of flood susceptible areas to reduce destructive effects of flooding. During the last decade, the integration of the geographic information system (GIS) with the remote sensing data provide efficient means to generate a more reliable and precise flood susceptibility map. The present study contains a review of 200 articles on the application of GIS-based methods in indicating flood vulnerable areas. The papers were reviewed in terms of influential variables, study area, and the number of articles published in the last 10 years. The review shows that the number of studies has increased since 2012. The total study areas covered 39 countries that were mostly located in Asia where the major developments and infrastructures have been constructed in the floodplains. The most common study areas was Iran (44 articles, 22%), followed by India (26 articles, 13%), China (26 articles, 11%), and Vietnam (15 articles, 7.5%). More than 90 variables were considered to map flood susceptible areas that the top 5 widely used flood conditioning factor are slope (98% of total articles), followed by elevation (92% of total articles), land use/land cover (79.5% of total articles), distance to the river (76.5% of total articles), and rainfall (73% of total articles). The review implies that many natural and anthropogenic factors affect flooding and the combination of both groups of factors is necessary to accurately detect and map flood-prone parts of the study area.

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Taşkın Duyarlılığının Best-Worst Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi: Suluca Deresi Havzası (Tokat) Örneği
Kemal Ersayın, Mustafa Yaş
Black Sea Journal of Engineering and Science.2024; 7(4): 683. CrossRef

Articles

GEO-KOMPSAT-2A/2B AMI/GOCI-II/GEMS Data & Products: Sungsik Huh, Kyoung-Wook Jin; GEO DATA. 2022;4(4):39-49. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/DJ2022.4.4.005

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Abstract PDF: Two geostationary satellites developed by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute and currently in operation are the GEO-KOMPSAT-2A (GK-2A) and the GEO-KOMPSAT-2B (GK-2B). The main instruments mounted on these satellites are the Advanced Meteorological Imager (AMI), the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI-II) and the Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS). This paper briefly introduced the GK-2A and GK-2B programs including measurement principles and elements of the instruments. Moreover, the data formats, operational products, and applications are summarized.

UAV Photogrammetry and LiDAR Based Dataset of Spartina anglica Distribution and High-resolution Topographic Map in Ganghwado: Keunyong Kim, Yeongjae Jang, Jingyo Lee, Joo-Hyung Ryu; GEO DATA. 2022;4(2):1-8. Published online June 30, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/DJ2022.4.2.001

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The Spartina anglica in the tidal flat at the southern part of Ganghwado, it is known that the distribution area has gradually expanded since it was officially announced as invasive alien species in 2015. The government and local governments are continuing their efforts to remove the S. anglica, and for this, continuous distribution change monitoring is required. This study extracted the data of distribution and extent area of S. anglica from Zenmuse P1 sensor, and generated the high-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) from Zenmuse L1 sensor. Optical and Lidar images were photographed at an altitude of 70 m, and Ground Sampling Distance (GSD) of optical images was obtained at 0.9 cm and GSD of lidar images at 5 cm spatial resolution. However, the data are resampled and provided in GSD 25 cm to comply with the "National Spatial Information Security Management Regulations of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport" and "Security Business Regulations of the National Intelligence Service".

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Spartina anglica-Derived Carbon-Coated PE Separator for Physically Restraining Polysulfide Migration in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Ye Jin Jeon, Yuna Ha, Jang Kyun Kim, Youn-Jung Kim, Taeeun Yim
Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering.2024; 41(4): 1187. CrossRef

Original Paper

Evaluation of Calibration Using Corner Reflector with Ground-Based Interferometric Radar: Je-Yun Lee, Jeong-Heon Ju, Sang-Hoon Hong; GEO DATA. 2024;6(1):32-42. Published online March 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/GD.2024.0002

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Abstract PDF: The accuracy of microwave remote sensing relies on the calibration of the radar measurement. It is important to estimate the radar cross-section (RCS) using a passive corner reflector (CR) or active transponder to evaluate the quality of imaging radar data. A strong and consistent RCS can be achieved by the acquisition of radar signals concentrated at specific angles during the CR calibration procedure. There are several types of CR depending on the shape and size such as triangular trihedrals, square trihedrals, dihedrals, spheres, or cylinders. In this study, we examine the RCSs using three types of CR with Ku-band ground-based real aperture radar equipment, the Gamma Portable Radar Interferometer-II. It can be easily deployed to acquire fully polarimetric radar observations. The initial experiment was conducted at Busan Sam-nak Auto Camping Site on November 1, 2023. The amplitude images show much higher backscattered radar signals at the CR location, whereas relatively lower power has been captured in the surrounding areas. The attenuation factors in the radar receivers could be useful to prevent saturation around the CR location at the line-of-sight direction. The experiment indicates that the different levels of the RCS measurements from three types of CRs could be utilized for calibration study with fully polarimetric radar observations.

Article

Kompsat-5 Image Data Provision and Quality Management: Dochul Ynag, Horyung Jeong, Doochun Seo; GEO DATA. 2022;4(4):13-19. Published online December 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.22761/DJ2022.4.4.002

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Abstract PDF: The Korea Aerospace Research Institute is conducting continuous quality management to provide reliable Kompsat-5 SAR image products to users. In this paper, the Kompsat-5 satellite operation, data processing, quality management, and data provision were described. The operation and image mode characteristics of the Kompsat-5 satellite from the image point of view were described, and the classification and characteristics of image products provided to users were explained. In addition, image data acquisition, quality index measurement, and its results are described for quality management of SAR images. Finally, it explains how to search for and order Kompsat image product through the ARIRANG system to quickly provide users with image products whose quality has been confirmed through quality management. Kompsat product can be searched and ordered from the ARIRANG Satellite Search and Order System (https://ksatdb.kari.re.kr/arirang/).

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